
肥套是广西环江毛南族独有的传统祭祀还愿仪式,也被称为 “还愿舞”,是毛南族文化中最隆重的宗族祭祀活动,主要流传于环江的毛南族聚居村寨,至今已有数百年传承历史。区别于大众熟知的少数民族歌舞节庆,肥套的核心是 “还愿”—— 毛南族人认为家中人丁兴旺、平安顺遂都得益于神灵与祖先的庇佑,因此每隔数年便会以家庭或宗族为单位举办肥套,答谢神灵与始祖,祈求子孙绵延、家宅安宁。
Feitao is a unique traditional sacrificial vow-fulfilling ritual of the Maonan people in Huanjiang, Guangxi, also known as the “vow-fulfilling dance”. It is the most solemn clan sacrificial activity in Maonan culture, mainly prevalent in Maonan villages in Huanjiang, with a heritage history of hundreds of years. Different from well-known ethnic song and dance festivals, the core of Feitao is “fulfilling vows” — the Maonan people believe that the prosperity and peace of the family benefit from the blessing of gods and ancestors. Therefore, every few years, Feitao is held on a family or clan basis to thank gods and ancestors, and pray for continuous descendants and family peace.
肥套仪式由师公主持,全程包含设坛、请神、献祭、送神等十余个环节,师公身着华丽的法服,佩戴面具,表演传统的祭祀舞蹈,唱诵古老的创世史诗与还愿祷文,仪式氛围庄重神秘。完整的肥套仪式可持续三天三夜,期间族人齐聚,共享宴饮,兼具宗族凝聚与精神慰藉的功能。随着现代生活方式的变迁,如今仅环江少数偏远毛南村寨还完整传承着全套肥套仪式,外界对其了解十分有限,是广西少数民族民俗中极为小众的活态文化遗存。
The Feitao ritual is presided over by ritual masters, including more than ten links such as altar setting, god inviting, sacrifice offering and god sending. The ritual masters wear gorgeous ritual robes, masks, perform traditional sacrificial dances, and chant ancient creation epics and vow-fulfilling prayers, with a solemn and mysterious ritual atmosphere. A complete Feitao ritual can last three days and three nights, during which clan members gather together and share feasts, combining both clan cohesion and spiritual comfort functions. With the changes of modern lifestyle, only a few remote Maonan villages in Huanjiang still fully inherit the complete Feitao ritual today. The outside world has very limited understanding of it, making it a very niche living cultural heritage among the ethnic folk customs of Guangxi.
