瓯塑是浙江温州独有的传统雕塑工艺，俗称 “彩色油泥塑”，是中国传统泥塑门类中极为小众的分支，区别于常见的面塑、泥人等圆塑工艺，它属于彩色半立体浮雕工艺。匠人以精炼陶土混合桐油、矿物颜料制成彩色油泥为原料，在木板、漆器、陶瓷等底胎上，通过堆、塑、挑、压、刮等多种技法，塑造出山水、花鸟、人物、楼阁等各类纹样，色彩层次丰富，质感细腻厚重，兼具装饰性与耐久性。
Ou sculpture is a unique traditional sculpture craft in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, commonly known as “colored oil clay sculpture”. It is a very niche branch of traditional Chinese clay sculpture. Different from common round sculpture crafts such as dough modeling and clay figurines, it belongs to colored semi-three-dimensional relief craft. Craftsmen use colored oil clay made of refined clay mixed with tung oil and mineral pigments as raw material, and create various patterns such as landscapes, flowers, birds, figures and pavilions on substrates such as wood boards, lacquerware and ceramics through various techniques including stacking, shaping, picking, pressing and scraping. With rich color layers and delicate texture, it combines decorativeness and durability.
瓯塑的核心技艺难点在于油泥的配色与塑形把控，油泥干后坚硬如石，且不易褪色开裂，因此对匠人在制作过程中的精度要求极高，一旦成型便难以修改。传统瓯塑题材多取自江南山水、古典戏曲与吉祥图案，作品常被用于建筑内饰、家具装饰与工艺摆件。由于学艺周期漫长、工艺复杂度高，且市场受众有限，如今掌握完整瓯塑技艺的传承人数量稀少，属于濒临失传的小众非遗项目，仅在温州本地有少量传承与创作，普通大众鲜有接触。
The core technical difficulty of Ou sculpture lies in the color matching and shaping control of oil clay. The oil clay becomes as hard as stone after drying, and is not easy to fade or crack, so it requires extremely high precision from craftsmen during the production process, and it is difficult to modify once formed. Traditional Ou sculpture themes are mostly derived from Jiangnan landscapes, classical operas and auspicious patterns, and works are often used for architectural interiors, furniture decoration and craft ornaments. Due to the long learning cycle, high technical complexity and limited market audience, there are only a few inheritors who master the complete Ou sculpture technique today. It is a niche intangible cultural heritage project on the verge of extinction, with only a small amount of inheritance and creation in Wenzhou local area, and the general public rarely has access to it.